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เนื้อหาย่อ : lid state devices are being designed into an incre variety of electronic equipment because of their high standards of reliability and performance. However, it is essential that equipment designers be mindful of good engineering practices in the use of these devices to achieve the desired performance. This Note summarizes important operating recommen- dations and precautions which should be followed in the interest of maintaining the high standards of performance of solid state devices. The ratings included in RCA Solid State Devices data builetins are based on the Absolute Maximum Rating System, which is defined by the following Industry Standard (JEDEC) statement: Absolute-Maximum Ratings are limiting values of opera- ting and environmental conditions applicable to any electron device of a specified type as defined by its published data, and should not be exceeded under the worst probable conditions. The device manufacturer chooses these values to provide acceptable serviceability of the device, taking no responsi- bility for equipment variations, environmental variations, and the effects of changes in operating conditions due to variations in device characteristics. The equipment manufacturer should design so that initially and throughout life no absolute-maximum value for the intended service is exceeded with any device under the worst probable operating conditions with respect to suppl oltage variation, equipment component variation, equip ment control adjustment, load variation, signal variation, environmental conditions, and variations in device charac- teristics. It is recommended that equipment manufacturers consult RCA whenever device applications involve unusual electrical, mechanical or environmental operating conditions. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS The design flexibility provided by these devices makes possible their use in a broad range of applications and under many different operating conditions. When incorporating these devices in equipment, therefore, designers should anticipate the rare possibility of device failure and make certain that no safety hazard would result from such an occurrence. The small size of most solid state products provides bvious advantages to the designers of electronic equipme However, it should be recognized that these compact devices usually provide only relatively small insulation area between adjacent leads and the metal envelope. When these devices are used in moist or contaminated atmospheres, therefore, supplemental protection must be provided to prevent the development of electrical conductive paths across the relatively small insulating surfaces. For specific information on voltage creepage, the user should consult references such as the JEDEC Standard No. 7 "Suggested Standard on